A little bit of history to help your
education:
A FEW UNFASHIONABLE FACTS WORTH KNOWING
ABOUT THE MIDDLE EAST
The Arabs Stole Palestine from the Jews, and not the other way around!
By Steven Plaut
1. Nationhood and Jerusalem. Israel became a
nation-state in 1312 B.C, 2,000 years before the rise of Islam, and was a
nation before that.
2. Arab refugees in Israel began identifying themselves as
part of a Palestinian people in 1967, two
decades after the establishment of the modern State of Israel.
3. Since the Jewish conquest in 1272 B.C., the
Jews have had dominion over the land for 1,000 years with a continuous
presence in the land for the past 3,300 years.
4. The Arabs conquered Palestine in 635 AD, stealing it from its legitimate
Jewish rulers, who had evicted the Byzantines while being led by a woman
general, one Hefzibah, who then restored Jewish sovereignty. Palestine was
stolen from the Jews by the Arabs and not the other way around. Arab
sovereignty over Palestine ended in 1071 when the area was conquered by Seljuk
Turks. Palestinian Arabs never held sovereignty over and cannot even pronounce
the name of their supposed homeland.
5. For over 3,300 years, Jerusalem has been the Jewish capital.
Jerusalem has never been the capital of any Arab or Muslim entity.
Even when the Jordanians occupied Jerusalem, they never sought to make it
their capital, and Arab leaders did not come to visit.
6. Jerusalem is mentioned over 700 times in the Jewish Holy
Scriptures. Jerusalem is not mentioned once in the Qur'an (Koran).
7. King David founded the Jewish city of Jerusalem. Mohammed
never came to Jerusalem.
8. Jews pray facing Jerusalem. Muslims pray with their backs toward
Jerusalem.
9. Arab and Jewish Refugees: In 1948 the Arab refugees were encouraged to
leave Israel by Arab leaders promising to purge the land of Jews. Sixty-eight
percent left without ever seeing an Israeli soldier.
10. The Jewish refugees were forced to flee from Arab lands due to Arab
brutality, persecution and pogroms.
11. The number of Arab refugees who left Israel in 1948 is estimated to be
between 400,000 and 630,000, many of whom in fact were allowed to return after
the Israeli war of Independence ended.. The number of Jewish refugees from
Arab lands was much larger.
12. Arab refugees were INTENTIONALLY not absorbed or integrated into
the Arab lands to which they fled, despite the vast Arab territory.
Out of the 100,000,000 refugees since World War II, the Arabs are the only
refugee group in the world that has never been absorbed or integrated into
their own peoples' lands. Jewish refugees were completely absorbed into
Israel, a country smaller than the state of New Jersey.
13. The Arab - Israeli Conflict: The Arabs are represented by 22 independent
states, not including what Israel has offered the Palestinians. There is only
one Jewish nation. The Arab nations initiated all five wars and lost. Israel
defended herself each time and won.
14. The PLO's Charter still calls for the destruction of the State of Israel.
In the 1990s Israel gave the Palestinians most of the West Bank land, autonomy
under the Palestinian Authority, and has supplied them with weapons.
15. Under Jordanian rule, Jewish holy sites were desecrated and the
Jews were denied access to places of worship. Under Israeli rule, all Muslim
and Christian sites have been preserved and made accessible to people of all
faiths.
16. The United Nations (U.N.) Record on Israel and the Arabs: Of the 175
Security Council resolutions passed before 1990, 97 were directed against
Israel.
17. Of the 690 U.N. General Assembly resolutions voted on before 1990, 429
were directed against Israel.
18. The U.N. was silent while 58 Jerusalem Synagogues were destroyed by the
Jordanians. Kind of like its silence over the massacres of Algerians or
Sudanese by Arab fascists.
19. The U.N. was silent while the Jordanians systematically desecrated the
ancient Jewish cemetery on the Mount of Olives.
20. The U.N. was silent while the Jordanians enforced an apartheid-like policy
of preventing Jews from visiting their holy sites at the Temple Mount and the
Western Wall. Similar discrimination against Jews has continued under Israeli
rule.
Brief background to the region
of what today is called Iraq:
Modern Iraq is basically the area of ancient Mesopotamia of the Old Testament,
the area between the Tigris and the Euphrates and inhabited by 6000BC mainly
by migrants from the Turkish and Iranian highlands. Sumer is the ancient name
of southern Mesopotamia populated by a mixture of ethnic and linguistic groups
– hence the Sumerians. As a result of the volatility of the two rivers the
Sumerians evolved a system of collective management to prevent flooding and a
process of urbanisation evolved into the Sumerian Civilisation. As a result,
Sumerian legacies include writing, irrigation, the wheel, astronomy, and
literature. The Sumerians created cuneiform and were hence able to record
agricultural techniques and literature such as the epic of Gilgamesh, who was
king of the city-state of Uruk in approximately 2700 B.C. This is a story of
the King’s deep sorrow at the death of his friend and of his consequent search
for immortality.
The precariousness of existence led to a highly developed sense of religion.
Cult centres such as Eridu, dating back to 5000 B.C., served as important
centres of pilgrimage and devotion even before the rise of Sumer. Many of the
most important Mesopotamian cities emerged in areas surrounding the
pre-Sumerian cult centers, thus reinforcing the close relationship between
religion and government.
The Sumerians were pantheistic; their gods personified local elements and
natural forces with security and prosperity gained by sacrifice and ritual.
Property belonged to the gods so political decisions were also governed by
priests who ruled from temples called ziggurats, which were mounds of sun
baked brick with external stairs leading to a shrine on top of the mound. The
priests were also involved in science with the number 60 being their basic
unit of calculation, evolving concepts such as the minutes of an hour and
degrees of a circle. Such development led to the growth of large cities which
included Ur, the birthplace of Abraham, where the development of bricks
facilitated the building of the large ziggurat of Ur. The Sumerians developed
war technology such as the wheeled chariot and by the third millennium BC
discovered that tin and copper when smelted together produced bronze, a more
durable metal for the manufacture of weapons.
In about 859 BC the region was controlled by the Assyrians who had reached the
Mediterranean and by 612 BC the Chaldeans ruled the entire region including
Syria and Palestine. King Nebuchadnezzar (605-562 B.C.) conquered the kingdom
of Judah, and destroyed Jerusalem in 586 B.C. The Chaldeans sought to
reestablish Babylon as the most magnificent city of the Near East and created
the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. Because of an estrangement of the priesthood
from the king, however, the monarchy was severely weakened, and it was unable
to withstand the rising power of Achaemenid Iran. In 539 B.C., Babylon fell to
Cyrus the Great (550-530 B.C.). In addition to incorporating Babylon into the
Iranian empire, Cyrus the Great released the Jews who had been held in
captivity there. During this Iranian rule management and trade diminished and
the region known as the ninth satrapy of the Persian Empire became
impoverished. The demography was altered and Aramaic became the official
language. The Iranian forces in Babylon surrendered to Alexander the Great of
Macedon in 331 B.C. marking the beginning of Greek period following which
Babylon lost its importance as the centre of the civilized world when
political and economic activity shifted to the Mediterranean, where it was
destined to remain for many centuries.
In 126 B.C., the Parthians (or Arsacids), a nomadic people from the steppes of
Turkestan to northeastern Iran, having previously conquered Iran captured the
Tigris-Euphrates river valley and the controlled all trade between the East
and the Greco-Roman world. The population of Mesopotamia was enlarged, chiefly
by Arabs, Iranians, and Aramaeans. With the exception of the Roman occupation
under Trajan (A.D. 98- 117) and Septimius Severus (A.D. 193-211), the Arsacids
ruled until a new force of native Iranian rulers, the Sassanids, conquered the
region in A.D. 227. The Sassanids neglected Mesopotamia and its empire fell to
Muslim Arab warriors. The Sumero-Akkadian civilization was entirely
extinguished and Mesopotamia was in ruins.
The start if Islam:
In the sixth century A.D. Muhammad, a member of the Hashimiteclan of the
powerful Quraysh tribe of Mecca (same background as the current king of
Jordan), claimed prophethood and began gathering adherents for the
monotheistic faith of Islam. The conversion of
Arabia proved to be the most difficult of the Islamic conquests because of
entrenched tribalism. Within one year of Muhammad's death in 632AD,
Arabia was secure enough for Muhammad's successor, Abu Bakr (632-634 AD), his
first caliph and the father-in-law, to begin the campaign against the
Byzantine and Sassanid Empire.
Abu Bakr’s general ordered the peoples of Mesopotamia (Iraqi’s who were mostly
Christian) to:
"Accept the faith (Islam) and you are safe;
otherwise pay tribute (jizya – a safety tax paid by non Muslims living in
Muslims areas). If you refuse to do either, you have only yourself to blame.
A people is already upon you, loving death as you
love life." Arabic replaced Persian as the official language,
and slowly filtered into common usage. Iraqis intermarried with Arabs and
converted to Islam.
**********
So now you have heard of that the very foundation of Islam is death to
Infidels, note that the very first were not Jews! This is just a sample of the
very beginnings of Islam. Perhaps you ought to read more widely rather than
simply taking on board the sound-bites of a potted history spread by the ill
informed media.
You can also see that the origins of the Moslems is not in ancient Israel.
Indeed Palestinians under the British Mandate rule which spread over a region
that today is known of as Israel, Jordan and the so called "occupied
territories" comprised all the citizens of that region which included Arabs
(both Moslem and Christian), Jews, non Arab Christians, Bahai, Armenian and a
few others. All of these people were known of as Palestinian and not only the
Arabs who since 1967 claimed that name for themselves.
On partition the Arab state was to be the region today known of as Jordan
(population 80% of what today are called Palestinian, 20% Hashemite,
descendants of the ancient Mohammedans) and the Jewish state of Israel. In
1948 The West Bank was a part of Jordan and Gaza was a part of Egypt and the
populations of those regions had been made Judenfrei comprising mostly then of
very poor Arabs, kept poor by their own governments as a tool with which to
whip Israel. After 1967 when Israel took control of those regions, those poor
Arabs found their lot improving by the second because for the first time
Israel installed sewers, electricity, roads, schools, hospitals and gave their
population work. It is a fact that many ordinary Arabs in those regions would
rather have Israeli passports than any future Palestinian citizenship. They
know where they are better off far more than you do.
_________________
Leo Pinsker spoke of the need for
the "autoemancipation" of the Jews, the perpetual, unwanted guest--never
host--ghost people, even before the harsh realities of a supposedly
enlightened France opened Theodore Herzl's eyes. The Dreyfus Affair would soon
lead Herzl, the father of modern political Zionism, to write Der Judenstat...The
Jewish State. Jabotinsky, likewise, understood all of this as well when he
spoke of the Jewish condition both during the pre-and mandatory period for
Palestine.
That Arabs would want to make Palestine their 6th, 7th, or 8th state (today
#22 or #23) made perfect sense to Jabotinsky. But Jews didn't have this
luxury. For them, the familiar pattern of millennial existence-- most lately
and violently manifested in the pogroms of Eastern Europe and Russia and hints
of what was yet to come in Germany--added desperation and necessity to the
quest for the rebirth of their own sole state. And while the frightened
mellahs of dhimmi Jewish existence in the Arab/Muslim world experienced no
"Holocaust" per se, their experience over the ages was also not without
memories of massacres, forced conversions, subjugation, humiliation, and
existence as kilab yahud "Jew dogs" of their neighbors.
While it is true that the suicide/homicide bomber who today deliberately kills
innocents also does this out of "passion" and "desperation," Jabotinsky saw
the difference...something that too many others today still don't--or won't--
see. There was no need for this situation to have arisen among the Arabs.
There are those today who like to make the argument, "if Jews can have a
state, why not Palestinians?" For some, this is simply an honest slip of
ignorance. But for far too many others--academics included--it represents
something far worse, for they know better. While I won't get into an argument
over whether a distinct Palestinian Arab nationalism exists today, it
certainly didn't exist before the rise of modern political Zionism. In fact,
the former arose specifically to negate the latter. There's volumes of
evidence to support this. Virtually all the writings of politically conscious
Arabs on the eve of the collapse of the Ottoman Turkish Empire spoke of a
greater Syrian Arab or Pan Arab identity. The "Palestinians" were the Jews.
When the Middle East and North Africa were being divided after the collapse of
the Ottoman Empire after World War I, the hopes and dreams of many diverse
subject peoples were once again reawakened. Britain's Sir Mark Sykes,
America's President Woodrow Wilson, and others fueled the fires with talk of
self determination for those populations. Arabs made out very well in the long
term aftermath. Unfortunately, they refused to grant anyone else even the
right to think in such terms in what they declared to be "purely Arab
patrimony"... be they Kurd, Jew, Berber, black African Sudanese, or whomever..
Since Muhammad and successor imperial Arab armies had also once conquered much
of the region (occupying and settling much of it), they saw themselves as the
sole legitimate heirs to the Turks. We're still living with the results of
this mindset today. The majority Berbers' language and culture have been
largely "outlawed" in North Africa. A reading of the Kurdish nationalist Ismet
Cherif Vanly's book, The Syrian 'Mein Kampf' Against the Kurds (Amsterdam
1968), is instructive as well. Two million Black African Sudanese have been
killed, maimed, enslaved, and such resisting this forced Arabization; and
nothing further needs to be said regarding similar attitudes Arabs have had
regarding the mere thought of kilab yahud Jews--half of whom were refugees
themselves from Arab/Muslim lands--having any such political rights in the Dar
al-Islam.
None other than the eminent Arab historian, Philip Hitti, had this to say
about the matter in his History of the Arabs: "This bipartite (Arab) division
of the world into an abode of peace and an abode of war finds parallel in the
communistic theory of Soviet Russia."
When, in 1922, the British divided the original land of the Mandate for
Palestine they received on April 25, 1920 so that all of the territory east of
the Jordan River was excluded from the Jews (an act Emir Abdullah attributed
to Allah in his memoirs) -- 80% of the total area-- a story has it that
Jabotinsky remained silent. Many, including the British, expected "otherwise,"
to say the least. Later, when he was asked why he did not speak up after
Colonial Secretary Churchill's machinations, he explained that he wanted to
prove the same point that Ehud Barak's offer at Camp David and Taba
seventy-eight years later did: It didn't matter to Arabs how big a Jewish
State was. Any Israel, regardless of size, would not be tolerated. Arabs
refused a much-truncated Jewish State after their acquisition of Transjordan
in 1922 the same way Arafat insisted that a 9-mile wide Israel, left in peace,
was still too much to ask for. Abbas and his fellow Arafatians offer, instead,
in their own videotaped words, an updated version of the "peace of the Quraysh,"
the pagan tribe the Muslim Prophet, Muhammad, made a temporary truce--a hudna--
with until he gained the strength to deal the final blow.
While it's been stated over and over a thousand times, it needs to be said yet
again. The passion of the Arab homicide bomber was born because Arabs used
their own people as pawns in a political game to deny Jews a tiny sliver of
the rights so fervently demanded for themselves. It's not a matter of Jews
wanting to deny "stateless Palestinians" a nation, yet that is often how
Israel's detractors portray the situation. In their attempt to create their
additional state--on the ashes of Israel, not along side it--Arabs came to
realize that it would make better press to speak in terms of creating a state
for "stateless Palestinians" than calling for the creation of a 22nd or 23rd
Arab state at the expense of the one of the Jews.
Listen to Zuheir Mohsein, official with the PLO's military wing and Executive
Council, in his interview with the Dutch newspaper, Trouw, on 3/31/77:
"There are no differences between Jordanians, Palestinians, Syrians, etc...It
is only for political reasons that we now carefully underline Palestinian
identity....this serves only a tactical purpose...a new tool in the continuing
battle against Israel."
In contrast, the passion of the Jew grew out of millennia of exile, massacres,
forced conversions, demonetization, dehumanization, ghettoization, expulsions,
inquisitions, blood libels, existence as kilab yahud and/or "deicide people,"
the Holocaust, and--as Pinsker eloquently put it in the late 19th century--his
status as perpetual stranger in someone else's land.
Hundreds of millions of people became refugees over the last two
centuries....many resulting from the partition of the Indian subcontinent into
Muslim Pakistan and Hindu India at the same time a similar partition was
planned for Arabs and Jews in Palestine. There would have been no Arab
refugees had they accepted the 1947 U.N. partition of the 20% of the land left
into a Jewish and another Arab state, the latter having already received the
lion's share of the land with the creation of Transjordan in 1922.
Arabs rejected the partition and invaded a newborn, minuscule Israel instead
from the surrounding countries...hence the Arab refugees. Before this, Arabs
came pouring into Palestine--due to the economic development by the Jews--from
all over the Arab world, but especially from Egypt and Syria...Arab settlers
building Arab settlements in the land. Scores of thousands were recorded, in
just a brief period of time, by the League of Nations Permanent Mandates
Commission, coming in from Syria alone.
Regarding the one half of Israel's Jewish population who were refugees
themselves from Arab/Muslim lands, here's what Sabri Jiryis, Palestinian Arab
researcher at the Institute for Palestinian Studies in Beirut, had to say
about this in the publication, Al-Nahar, on 5/15/75:
"This is hardly the place to describe how the Jews of Arab states were driven
out...how they were shamefully deported to Israel after their property had
been confiscated...actually, therefore, what happened was only a kind of
'population and property exchange,' and each party must bear the
consequences."
President Bush, in his official April 2004 response to Prime Minister Sharon's
Gaza Plan, addressed the refugee issue nicely: Israel would not be required to
commit national suicide by absorbing the descendants of real or alleged Arab
refugees.
Now, if the State Department doesn't muddy the waters with Foggy doublespeak
in an attempt to emasculate the potential for good Mr. Bush's earlier
statement can bring about by requiring the Arabs to dismiss their pipedream of
Israel being delivered up to them on a silver platter a la Czechoslovakia
1938, real progress towards peace might actually become possible.
Unfortunately, Arafat's "moderate " successor, Mahmoud Abbas, while dressed in
a coat and tie and a practitioner of the sugar-coated word, still has such
ultimate plans in mind and openly ran for office on a platform calling for
Israel's destruction...but "by other means." His recent deployment of police
in Gaza to ward off a major Israeli offensive in response to the latest Arab
atrocity--committed under his watch--must thus be understood within this
broader context as well.
Arabs could have had their additional state decades ago. The sad reality,
however, is that poll after poll taken amongst them still show that even if
Israel caved in to virtually all of their demands regarding the disputed
territories, as in Jabotinsky's day, it still would not make a difference in
terms of their acceptance of the sole Jewish State. It would simply turn
Arafat's "peace of the Quraysh" into reality.